Rome’s unmissable landmarks and historical sights

When you think of Rome, what springs to mind? The Colosseum, with its ancient gladiatorial history? How about the Sistine Chapel, home to the world's finest ceiling fresco? Rome is just packed with places to visit and things to do in Rome, including some historic landmarks that are among the most popular in the world.

If you're not sure where to start, we've put together this list for you. Some of the beautiful architectural landmarks are great spots for a date, like the famous Trevi Fountain. Others will inspire your kids, transporting them to another era. It's all waiting for you in Rome.

Historic and architectural landmarks in Rome

1. Let your imagination run wild at the Colosseum

The Colosseum is one of the most iconic buildings in the world. This arena, where gladiators once fought for the Emperor's entertainment, is truly spectacular and must be on everyone's itinerary.

Highlights:

Take a full tour of the Colosseum. You'll also be able to visit other ancient sites like the Roman Forum and the Palatine Hill.

Address and opening hours:

Piazza del Colosseu 1, 00184 Rome. Open Monday-Sunday, 9:00 AM-7:15 PM.

2. Stare at the dazzling ceiling of the Sistine Chapel

Anyone with an interest in art or architecture will fall in love with Vatican City. One of the main highlights is the Sistine Chapel, where Michelangelo's famous ceiling fresco continues to captivate thousands of visitors each year.

Highlights:

For something truly special, join the Key Master's Visit to the chapel. You'll be there first thing in the morning, watching the lights come on in a completely empty building. There's nothing like it.

Address and opening hours:

00120 Vatican City. Open Monday-Thursday, 8:30 AM-6:30 PM, and Friday-Saturday, 8:30 AM-10:30 PM. Closed Sundays.

3. Soak up the sacred atmosphere of St Peter's Basilica

The Pope's very own church, St Peter's Basilica, is another crucial landmark in the Vatican. The exterior of this building is known across the world, while the interior is simply breathtaking, with its gilded mosaics and glorious statues.

Highlights:

Stretch your legs with a walking tour that takes you to the very top of the Basilica dome. The views are simply indescribable.

Address and opening hours:

00120 Vatican City. Open Monday-Saturday, 7:00 AM-7:00 PM. Closed Sundays.

4. Go back to Ancient Rome with a trip to the Pantheon

Rome is full of ancient monuments, but this is the best-preserved of all. This ancient temple, which later became a Christian church, has beautiful marble floors, towering columns, and amazing statues.

Highlights:

Take a guided tour of the Pantheon to see all the highlights. Look out for the tomb of Raphael, one of Rome's finest artists.

Address and opening hours:

Piazza della Rotonda, 00186 Rome. Open Monday-Sunday, 9:00 AM-6:45 PM.

5. Enjoy the panoramic views from Castel Sant'Angelo

Initially built as a mausoleum for Emperor Hadrian's family, Castel Sant'Angelo has also been a fortress, a papal residence, a castle, and a museum. This mighty fortress overlooks the Tiber and has often defended Rome from sieges.

Highlights:

One of the main attractions of your tour of Castel Sant'Angelo is the chance to go up on the terrace. You'll enjoy panoramic views across the city, with every famous monument on display.

Address and opening hours:

Lungotevere Castello 50, 00193 Rome. Open Tuesday-Sunday, 9:00 AM-7:30 PM. Closed Mondays.

6. Make a wish at the Trevi Fountain

The Trevi Fountain has appeared in countless movies and TV shows. Now head there yourself and toss a coin in the water. Will your wish come true?

Highlights:

Get a unique perspective on the fountain with an underground tour that will show you the ancient aqueduct hidden far below the surface.

Address and opening hours:

Piazza di Trevi, 00187 Rome. Open daily.

7. Feel like a movie star as you climb the Spanish Steps

The world-famous Spanish Steps are so much more than just a staircase. There are 135 stone steps connecting Piazza di Spagna to the church of Piazza Trinità dei Monti. Famous worldwide, the Spanish Steps should be high on your list of things to do.

Highlights:

To learn more about the Spanish Steps, you can take a guided tour. You'll also learn more about the squares and monuments of central Rome.

Address and opening hours:

Piazza di Spagna, 00187 Rome. Open daily.

8. See the dark side of Rome at the Capuchin Crypts

Hidden underground, the Capuchin Crypt is one of the spookiest places in Rome. Also known as the Bone Chapel, this underground cemetery holds the remains of 4,000 Capuchin monks. Their skulls and bones are on display, arranged in macabre patterns.

Highlights:

A guided tour is the best way to explore the crypt but be warned. If you're on the squeamish side, you might want to steer clear of this creepy crypt.

Address and opening hours:

Via Vittorio Veneto 27, 00187 Rome. Open Monday-Sunday, 10:00 AM-7:00 PM.

9. Explore the Renaissance at the Villa Farnesina

Rome is famous for its Renaissance masterpieces. There are many on display in the stunning Villa Farnesina, a beautiful home that will take you back in time to a more elegant era.

Highlights:

When you explore the villa with an expert guide, you'll learn more about the works on display, including many pieces by the great Raphael.

Address and opening hours:

Via della Lungara 230, 00165 Rome. Open Tuesday-Sunday, 10:00 AM-5:00 PM.

Scenic and natural landmarks in Rome

10. Enjoy the fresh air of the Borghese Gardens

Once a private garden, today the Borghese Gardens are the best park in Rome. With lakes, statues, beautiful lawns, and colorful flowers, they're the perfect place to go to relax.

Highlights:

Want to see the best of the gardens? Take a bike tour to get around. Bring a picnic lunch to finish your morning.

Address and opening hours:

00197 Rome. Open daily.

11. Stroll along the mighty Tiber

The Tiber River has been the lifeblood of Rome for more than 2,000 years. Take a walk along its banks and immerse yourself in the beauty of this waterway.

Highlights:

For a unique experience, try rafting the Tiber. You'll cross to Tiber Island, where a freshly cooked pizza is waiting for you.

Address and opening hours:

00186 Rome. Open daily.

12. Lose yourself in nature on the Appian Way

This ancient road leads out of central Rome and into the countryside. As you pass classical aqueducts and enter rich green meadows, you'll feel a million miles from the busy city center.

Highlights:

Take an e-bike tour of the Appian Way to relax as you see it. You'll stop for lunch, with a hearty Italian picnic.

Address and opening hours:

00178 Rome. Open daily.

13. Get out of the city heat with a trip to the lake at Castel Gandolfo

Castel Gandolfo is best known as the Pope's summer residence. It's also rich in natural beauty, with a gorgeous lake and lush greenery.

Highlights:

A kayak tour of the lake is a great way to spend a summer's day. You'll even find a secret beach, which can only be reached from the water.

Address and opening hours:

Lake Albano, 00040 Castel Gandolfo, Rome. Open daily.

14. Take a stroll through the Pope's private gardens

The Papal gardens at Castel Gandolfo are just as immaculate as you'd expect. With perfectly-trimmed hedges, neat lawns, and elegant statues, they're the ideal place to spend a morning in summer.

Highlights:

An audio guide will help you appreciate these gardens. As they stretch over an enormous 55 hectares, you'll need help to see everything.

Address and opening hours:

Via Palazzo Pontificio, 00073 Castel Gandolfo, Rome. Opening times vary according to the season.

15. Enjoy the Vatican views from the Aventine Hill

The Savello Park, high on the Aventine Hill, is one of Rome's top natural spots. Known for its orange trees, this shady park gives you great views of the Vatican.

Highlights:

Peek through the Aventine Keyhole, one of the most interesting spots in the park. You'll enjoy a unique view of St Peter's Dome, perfectly framed by hedges.

Address and opening hours:

Piazza Pietro d'Illiria, 00153 Rome. Open Monday-Sunday, 7:00 AM-6:00 PM.

FAQs

What is the oldest historic landmark in Rome?

Rome is packed with ancient monuments. Some of the oldest landmarks include the Colosseum and the Pantheon.

What are some free landmarks to visit in Rome?

Rome's beautiful parks are always free. The Colosseum, and many other historic landmarks, are free on the first Sunday of the month. The buildings of the Vatican are free on the last Sunday of the month. Additionally, monuments, such as the Trevi Fountain and the Spanish Steps, can be enjoyed for free.

Are there any guided tours that focus on the architecture of Rome’s landmarks?

Yes. You'll find a huge number of guided tours to choose from if you're interested in architecture. Some focus on ancient architecture, while others celebrate the Renaissance.

How can I get the best views of scenic landmarks in Rome?

Climb the Aventine Hill for some of the best views of St Peter's Basilica. You'll also see great panoramic views from the terrace at Castel Sant'Angelo.

What are some natural landmarks near Rome worth visiting?

Head out of the city to Castel Gandolfo, where you'll find a gorgeous lake and the manicured Papal gardens. You can also head further out to the Amalfi Coast or even to the mighty volcano that destroyed Pompeii, Vesuvius.